Chromosome Types (Polytene Chromosomes, Lampbrush Chromosomes)

Differentiate between polytene and lampbrush chromosomes on the basis of their structure and functions. (UPSC 2012, 20 Marks, )

उनकी संरचना और कार्यों के आधार पर पॉलीटीन और लैम्पब्रश गुणसूत्रों के बीच अंतर करें। (Differentiate between polytene and lampbrush chromosomes on the basis of their structure and functions.)
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What is meant by a ‘Lamp brush' chromosome? Explain its structure and functional significance. (UPSC 2017, 10 Marks, )

'लैम्प ब्रश' गुणसूत्र से क्या तात्पर्य है? इसके संरचना और कार्यात्मक महत्व की व्याख्या करें। (What is meant by a ‘Lamp brush' chromosome? Explain its structure and functional significance.)
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Delineate the structural and functional characteristics of polytene chromosome. (UPSC 2019, 15 Marks, )

पॉलीटीन गुणसूत्र की संरचनात्मक और क्रियात्मक विशेषताओं का वर्णन करें। (Delineate the structural and functional characteristics of polytene chromosome.)
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What are giant chromosomes? Name them. State their locations and illustrate their structures. How do they function? (UPSC 2015, 15 Marks, )

विशाल गुणसूत्र क्या हैं? उनके नाम बताएं। उनके स्थान बताएं और उनकी संरचनाओं को चित्रित करें। वे कैसे कार्य करते हैं? (What are giant chromosomes? Name them. State their locations and illustrate their structures. How do they function?)
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What are giant chromosomes? Name them. State their locations and illustrate their structures. How do they function? (UPSC 2015, 15 Marks, )

विशाल गुणसूत्र क्या हैं? उनका नाम बताएं। उनके स्थान बताएं और उनकी संरचनाओं को चित्रित करें। वे कैसे कार्य करते हैं? (What are giant chromosomes? Name them. State their locations and illustrate their structures. How do they function?)
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Types of chromosomal aberrations. (UPSC 2024, 10 Marks, )

क्रोमोसोमल विसंगतियों के प्रकार। (Types of chromosomal aberrations.)
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Polytene chromosome. (UPSC 2024, 10 Marks, )

पॉलीटीन गुणसूत्र। (Polytene chromosome.)
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